تحلیل زیباشناختیِ ارتباط معشوق و طبیعت در مجموعه‌ شعر «صد غزل عاشقانه» اثر پابلو نرودا

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی وزارت تحقیقات، علوم وفناوری، تهران،‌ایران

2 گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان،‌ایران

چکیده

بهره­مندی از عناصر طبیعی، یکی از شگردهای ادبی است که شاعران و نویسندگانِ سراسر جهان در قالب­ها و ساختارهایی متنوع به‌واسطه‌ی آرایه­های ادبی مانند تشبیه، استعاره، مجاز، نماد و ...، از آن سود جسته­ و می­جویند. در این جستار تلاش برآن بوده که  به روش تحلیل محتوا و به شیوه‌ی توصیفی-تحلیلی، به نحوه­ی بهره­مندی شاعر سرشناس شیلی، پابلو نرودا از این عناصر طبیعی و تحلیل زیباشناسانه­ی کاربرد آنها در مجموعه‌ی شعر صد غزل عاشقانه پرداخته شود. نرودا به دلیل نگاه ژرف و شناخت عمیق از جهان پیرامون خود و عناصر طبیعی موجود و انعکاس این عناصر در شعرش از اشتهار خاصی در جهان برخوردار بود و این مقاله ارزش‌های ادبی و زیبایی‌شناختی عاشقانه­های وی را در تجلی معشوق و شباهت وی با زنانگی موجود در عناصر طبیعی برجسته می‌کند. عناصر طبیعی در شعر او مضمون­های متنوعی را به‌طور نمادین و استعاری از زیبایی­های ظاهری و باطنی معشوق ترسیم می­کنند. عناصری همچون خاک که نماد زایندگی و بالندگی است و آب و باران که نماد حیات، زیبایی و شور و امید‌ند. استفاده‌ی نرودا از این عناصر، نشان‌دهنده‌ی تسلط او بر زبان و قدرت تخیل بی‌نظیر او در خلق تصاویر بدیع و معانی عمیق است. این عناصر به غنای ادبی و زیبایی‌شناختی این مجموعه شعر افزوده‌اند و به خواننده در درک عمیق‌تر احساسات و تجربیات شاعر کمک می‌کنند.


کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Aesthetic Analysis of the Relationship between the Beloved and Nature in the Poetry Collection “One Hundred Love Sonnets” by Pablo Neruda

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Aghajani 1
  • zohreh Sakian 2
  • mohammad Taheri 2
1 Member of the academic faculty of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Persian Language and Literature, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Utilizing natural elements in poetry is one of the literary techniques that poets and writers around the world have benefitted from and sought after in various forms and structures by means of literary devices such as simile, metaphor, metonymy, and symbolism. This study analyzes the way in which the renowned Chilean poet, Pablo Neruda, has utilized these natural elements in his collection of poems One Hundred Love Sonnets (1959). Due to his profound outlook, deep understanding of the surrounding world and existing natural elements, and the reflection of these elements in his poetry, Neruda enjoyed special fame in the world. This article highlights the literary and aesthetic values of his love sonnets in manifesting the beloved and her similarity with the femininity existing in natural elements. Natural elements in his poetry symbolically and metaphorically delineate diverse connotations of the beloved’s outward and inward beauties. Elements such as soil, which is the symbol of fertility and growth, and water and rain, as symbols of life, beauty, passion, and hope appear in this collection. What is evident is that the high frequency of natural elements in describing the beloved in Neruda’s collection is the result of the special experience he had had in his childhood and years of growth and development in the virgin jungles of South America.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • natural elements
  • contemporary poetry
  • aesthetics
  • Pablo Neruda
  • One Hundred Love Sonnets

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پژوهش ادبیات معاصر جهان
دوره 29، شماره 2
آبان 1403
صفحه 315-342

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