روایت اسطوره بازگشت جاودانه در داستان «یک مرد بزرگ» از میرچا الیاده

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکده حضرت نرجس(س)، دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان، ایران.

چکیده

تقابل امر قدسی و غیر قدسی و نسبت آنها با یکدیگر، گذار از زمان تاریخی کرانمند و ورود به لحظه ازلی، قرار گرفتن در مرکز، و نوزایی مسائل اصلی مورد توجه میرچا الیاده بود که در اغلب پژوهش‏هایش به آنها پرداخته ‏است. وی این مسائل را در داستان‏هایش نیز بازگو کرده ‏است. داستان «یک مرد بزرگ» ازجمله این داستان‏ها است. در پژوهش حاضر کوشیده ‏ایم با به‏کارگیری روش کیفی و تحلیل محتوا براساس رویکرد اسطوره‏شناسی الیاده، این داستان را به لحاظ ساختار و محتوا واکاوی کنیم. دیدگاه الیاده درباره دین به‏ مثابه تجربه امر قدسی و اسطوره به معنای روایت‏کننده تاریخ قدسی در این متن ادبی نیز بازتاب یافته ‏است. وی در روایت داستانش از نمادهایی چون شب، ماه، کوه، درخت، و جنگل و الگوهای اسطوره‏ای بهره گرفته ‏است. شخصیت اصلی این داستان به دنبال تغییرات ناگهانی جسمی و درنتیجه، از نظم خارج شدن زندگی‏اش، از جمع آدمیان خارج می‏شود و به کوهستان، مرکز عالم و مکان مقدس، پناه می‏برد و در آنجا به حکمت و معرفت می‏رسد. حرکت او، گذار از زمان محدود خطی دنیوی به زمان نامحدود قدسی و بازگشت به آشوب ازلی است که مقدمه نوزایی او است. از سوی دیگر، گذار او یادآور آیین تشرف و رازآموزی و اسطوره بهشت گمشده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Narrative of Myth of the eternal return on the story of “The Great man” by Mircea Eliade

نویسنده [English]

  • Afsaneh Hasanzadeh Dastjerdi
Department of Persian Language and Literature, Narjes Faculty, Vali’asr University, Rafsanjan. Iran.
چکیده [English]

The contrast between sacred and unsacred affairs and their relation, the translation from limited historical time and entering the everlasting moment, centricity and regenerating the main, issues have been Mircea Eliade’s concerns which he has been dealt with in the most of his works. He has also retold these issues in his stories: The story of The Great Man is included. In respect to the present study, we have tried to analyze this story in terms of structure and content by using the qualitative method and content analysis based on Eliade's mythological approach. Eliade's view of religion as an experience of the sacred and myth as a narrator of sacred history is also reflected in this literary text. Eliade has used mythical pattern and symbols like night, moon, tree, and jungle in his narration. After sudden physical changes and consequently destruction of the order of his life, the protagonist of the story leaves the company of people and retreat to the mountain, the center of the world and a holy place, and he reaches philosophy and awareness there. His movement is a transition from mundane lineal limited time to sacred infinite time and a return to eternal revolution which is the start of his regeneration. On the other hand, his transition is a reminder of novitiate ceremony and secret learning and the myth of the Lost Heaven.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Myth of eternal return
  • Mircea Eliade
  • Fiction Narrative
  • Sacred and unsacred
  • symbol
  • The Great Man

مراجع

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پژوهش ادبیات معاصر جهان
دوره 29، شماره 1
تیر 1403
صفحه 171-191

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