برونداد شعری نشأت‌گرفته از اندوه و غربت در اشعار «عبدالله پَشِیو» و «معروف رصافی»

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای زبان و ادبیات عربی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشیار گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

«معروف رصافی» شاعر نامور عرب و «عبدالله پشیو» از شاعران نامی کرد در عراق از شاعران معاصریند که از پدیدۀ غربت­گزینی رنج می‌برده­اند. بایستگی و اهمیت این ­پژوهش از آن­جا نشأت می­گیرد که پیش از این، غربت­گزینی در شعر این دو شاعر همچون یک­ پژوهش مستقل تطبیقی مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته­ است؛ بنابراین نگارندگان در جستار حاضر برآنند که با رویکردی توصیفی-تحلیلی به‌بررسی پدیدۀ غربت­گزینی در شعر دو شاعر بپردازند. دو شاعر از اغتراب اجتماعی، سیاسی و روحی ناشی ­از سیطرۀ استعمار، ظلم، به‌حاشیه ­راندن نخبگان و انحصار امور در دست فرومایگان، اوضاع عراق و عقب­ماندگی از تمدن جهانی، فقدان آزادی، درهم­شکسته ­شدن آرزوها، تباهی اخلاق، ناهمگونی زندگی شاعر با معیارهای جامعه، تفرقۀ سیاسی و بی­اعتنایی مردم به‌دعوت شاعر و نیز حس نوستالژی برامده­ از حسرت­ بر ارزش­ها و گذشتۀ شکوهمند از دست ­رفته و اغتراب مکانی ناشی­ از دوری­ از وطن رنج می­برده­اند. غربت­گزینی و اندوه «پشیو» بر خلاف «رصافی»، محصور در پرداختن ­به‌مسائل و معضل­های منطقه­ای نیست، بلکه دیدگاهی فرامنطقه­ای و فراملی دارد. غربت رصافی فزونتر در قالب سروده­هایی با درونمایۀ حزن­آلود محصور می­ماند لکن پشیو پیشتر احساس غربت خود را با طغیان­ سروده­هایی بروز می­دهد که از خشم و اندوهی ژرف نشأت می­گیرد. وطن از پربسامدترین جلوه­های غربت­گزینی نزد دو شاعر است که بر سایر جلوه­های غربت در شعرشان تأثیر گذارده ­است، زیرا غیر از زمان دوری ­از وطن، در زمان حضور در آن نیز، با مشاهدۀ وضع­ موجود بر اندوه و احساس غربتشان افزوده­ می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The poetic output and manifestation of sorrow and roving in “Abdullah Pashew’s” and “Ma’aruf Rosafi’s’’ poetry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Barwasi 1
  • Ahmadreza Heidaryan shahri 2
  • Hosein Nazeri 2
1 phd student arabic language and laterature of ferdowsi university
2 Associate professor of Arabic language and literature of Ferdowsi University
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Ma’aruf Rosafi, a well-known Arab poet and Abdullah Pashew, a well-known Kurd poet in Iraq, are two contemporary poets who suffered from alienation. The study possesses great significance, since the issue of alienation has never previously been investigated through a stand-alone comparative study. Thus, the researcher has tried to adopt a descriptive-analytic approach to alienation in Rosafi’s and Pashew’s poetry. The two poets suffered from a sense of social, political and mental alienation caused by the hegemony of colonialism, tyranny, the marginalization of the educated, the monopoly of management by the ignoble, Iraq’s backward social situation, lack of freedom, their denied wishes and dreams, moral decay, the inconsistency between their life and the society’s criteria, political division, refusal of their request and invitation by their nation, a nostalgic feeling originating from regretting for the values and a magnificent history and their distance from their country in that time. In contrast to Rosafi’s alienation and sorrow which is confined to regional issues, the one experienced by “Pashew” is tran-regional and transnational. The roving experienced by Rosafi is an imprisoned feeling which is expressed by sorrowful poems. However, Pashew’s roving is expressed through poems which originate from the outburst of a deeply-rooted anger and sorrow. The “homeland” is one of the most frequent manifestations of alienation which affects all the aspects of roving in the poems of the two poets. This frequency is due to the fact that in addition to the period being far from their homeland, they experienced an increased feeling of sorrow and roving even when they were living in their own country.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: pashew
  • Rosafi
  • Kurdish literature
  • Arabic literature
  • alienation
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