«موقعیت‌پذیری مجازی داستانی/حقیقی»: نگرشی نوین به خوانش ابعاد گفتمانی خود؛ بررسی رمان مردی در تاریکی اثر پال آستر

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زبان انگلیسی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه زبانشناسی و زبانهای خارجی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
در تحقیق پیش‌رو مفهوم بدیعی با عنوان موقعیت‌پذیری مجازی داستانی/حقیقی (VFP) در رابطة گفتمانی مؤلف (خالق اثر) و قهرمان به­عنوان نگرشی نوین بر تحلیل روایت‌های ادبی معرفی شده­است. VFP ریشه در «تئوری خودِ گفتمانی» هوبرت هرمنز در مطالعات روان‌شناسی و دیدگاه گفتمانی رابطة مؤلف و قهرمان در مطالعات ادبی و زیبایی‌شناختی باختین دارد. با توجه به ویژگی­های میان‌رشته‌ای پژوهش­های متنی، VFP به ارزیابی روایت‌های خود از دیدگاه روان‌شناختی و ادبی می‌پردازد و امکان مشارکت و کنش گفت‌و‌گویی موقعیت‌های شخصیتی قهرمان اول داستان به­عنوان من ِ‌هنرمند/داستانسرا و من ِ‌ ‌قهرمان داستان را در میان دیگر موقعیت‌های درونی و بیرونی او بررسی می‌کند. برای تبیین شیوه کاربست تئوری VFP، این جستار به عنوان نمونه، تحلیلی از رمان مردی در تاریکی (۲٠٠٨) اثر پال آستر را ارائه می‌دهد. این بررسی نشان می­دهد که موقعیت‌های درونی و بیرونی مشابه در دنیای واقعی مؤلف و دنیای داستانی قهرمان به‌صورت گفتمانی در ارتباط تنگاتنگ بوده و سرانجام تحت تأثیر این روند پویای موقعیت‌پذیری، خودِ پسا‌مدرن در جایگاه من ِ‌هنرمند می­تواند تا حدود زیادی خصوصیات شخص گفتمانی را به­معرض بروز بگذارد و با رها‌کردن گذشته و پذیرش وضعیت کنونی و ایجاد دیدگاه‌های مثبت برای آینده به موقعیت بحرانی و کشمکش درونی خود به­صورت کاملاً نوینی پاسخ دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

“Virtual Fictional/ Factual Positioning” as a Novel Approach to the Dialogical Dimensions of the Self in Paul Auster’s “Man in the Dark”

نویسندگان [English]

  • Forough Barani 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Hosseini-Maasoum 2
1 Department of English, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2
چکیده [English]

This paper introduces the novel concept of “Virtual Fictional/ Factual Positioning” (VFP) in the dialogical relationship between the author and his/her hero in literary works. VFP originates in Hermans’ contributions to psychological studies in Dialogical Self Theory (DST) and the dialogical view of the relationship between author and hero in aesthetic forms by Bakhtin. VFP evaluates self-narratives and identifies the dialogical coalition of the protagonists’ positions as “I-the-artist/novelist” and “I-the-hero-of-my-story” in the novel. This study presents a textual analysis of Paul Auster’s Man in the Dark (2008). The results indicated that similar positions are interconnected in the actual world of the author and the fictional world of the hero, which influence one another in a dialogical manner. Finally, through this dynamic course of positioning and repositioning, the postmodern self of the protagonist/author as “I-as-artist” demonstrated a significant degree of dialogical self by letting go of the past, dealing with the present and generating a perspective for the future – hence responding to his conflicting situation in a quite innovative way

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • psychology of self
  • Bakhtin
  • Dialogism
  • Literary Analysis
  • “Man in the Dark”
  • Paul Auster’s
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