مطالعۀ تطبیقی تأثیرگذاری داستان پیرمرد و دریا اثر ارنست همینگوی بر پل ناتمام اثر عبدالرحمن منیف

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه آموزشی زبان و ادبیات عربی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

چکیده

ادبیات تطبیقی شاخه‌ای از نقد ادبی است که به بررسی روابط ادبی، تأثیرگذاری و تأثیرپذیری­ها و همچنین بررسی وجوه تناظر و تباین میان ادبیات دو یا چند ملّت می­پردازد. پیرمرد و دریا اثر ارنست همینگوی یکی از شاهکارهای ادبیات معاصر جهان است که توانسته جایزۀ نوبل ادبیات را از آن خود کند و جایگاه خود را به‌عنوان منبعی الهام­بخش، تثبیت نماید. تشابهات رمان پل ناتمام (حین ترکنا الجسر) اثر عبدالرحمن منیف نویسندۀ سعودی با پیرمرد و دریا تا جایی است که نمی­توان به راحتی از کنار آن گذشت و این فرضیه را به ذهن متبادر می­سازد که منیف از همینگوی، تأثیر پذیرفته است. نتایج این مطالعه حاکی از آن است که منیف، در دو جنبۀ ساختاری و محتوایی از پیرمرد و دریا  تأثیر پذیرفته است؛ از جنبۀ محتوایی، مضامینی همچون موفقیت، شکار، شکست، اعتقاد به شانس، فردیت و از جنبۀ ساختاری نیز عناصری از جمله شخصیت و شخصیت­پردازی، توصیف مکان، پیرنگ، گفت­وگو و... دارای اشتراکات بسیار نزدیکی هستند که این اشتراکات، زمانی غیرتصادفی می­نماید که منیف، بسیاری از واژگان و جملات خود را عیناً از پیرمرد و دریا اقتباس نموده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین و اثبات تأثیرپذیری عبدالرحمن منیف در پل ناتمام از پیرمرد و دریای ارنست همینگوی، با رویکرد ادبیات تطبیقی فرانسوی و به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی انجام می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

"Comparative analysis of the influence of Ernest Hemingway's 'The Old Man and the Sea' on AbdulRahman Munif's 'The Unfinished Bridge"

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nemat Azizi
  • Shirin Karami
Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, Ilam University, Ilam city, Iran
چکیده [English]

Comparative literature is a branch of literary criticism that focuses on exploring the literary relationships, influences, receptivity, as well as examining the aspects of correspondence and contrast between the literatures of two or more nations. The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway is considered a masterpiece of contemporary world literature, earning him the Nobel Prize in Literature and solidifying his position as an influential source of inspiration. The similarities between the novel "The Unfinished Bridge" by Saudi writer Abdul Rahman Munif and "The Old Man and the Sea" are so striking that they cannot easily be overlooked, prompting the assumption that Munif was influenced by Hemingway. The findings of this study suggest that Manif has been influenced by both the structural and content-related aspects of old age and the sea at hand.   At the content level, themes such as hunting, defeat, belief in luck, and various structural elements including character development, setting description, irony, dialogue, and so forth, both novels share very close similarities.   These similarities become particularly non-coincidental when the author, directly borrows many words and sentences from The Old Man and the Sea. The present study aims to elucidate and demonstrate the influence of Abdul Rahman Munif in "The Unfinished Bridge" of "The Old Man and the Sea" of Ernest Hemingway, using a comparative French literature approach and employing a descriptive-analytical method.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abdurrahman Munif
  • Comparative literature
  • Ernest Hemingway
  • The Old Man and the Sea
  • The Unfinished Bridge

مراجع

Al Nabulsi, Shaker. "Manahaj al-Hurriyya fi al-Rawaiya al-Arabiya", Beirut, Al-Mosseh al-Arabiya Leldrasat walnashr, 1999.
Al-Nabulsi, Shaker (1991), The Tropic of the Desert, a Study in the Literature of Abdul Rahman Munif, Beirut, Arab Foundation for Studies and Publishing, first edition.
Anoshirvani, Alireza. "zarorate adabiate tatbighi dar iran", Nashre_ye adabiate tatbighi  [Journal of Comparative Literature], Vol 1, no 1, (2009): 6-38.
Asghari, Javad and Mehran Najafi Hajior. "Naghde kohan olgoeie Romane heina tarakna aljesr" Nashre_ye adabe_ye arabi [ Arabic literary journal], no 1, (2011): 248-231.
Atarzadeh, Sara and Marzia Khalilizadeh Ganjalikhani. "Criticism of prominent schools of comparative literature", The second national conference of applied literature of Razi University, (1393): 1155 – 1172.
Bagheri, Bahadur. "The visual parallelism of the use of equation style in Baba Subhan's Usane, Another Place and Pirmard wa Darya", Journal of Literary Criticism and Rhetoric. Vol 11, No 25, (2022): 43-60.
 Bukhara, Mohammad Bin Ismail, Sahih Al-Bukhara, Syria: Maktaba Dar Al-Bayan. 1990
Farsian, Mohammad Reza, and Sara Joanmardi. "A comparative study of structure and content in Victor Hugo's novel and Shapur Gharib's story", Language and Translation Studies Quarterly, No 1, (1395): 101 - 114.
Ghenimi Halal, mohmad. "adabeyate tatbighi: taarif va mozo [Comparative Literature: Definition and Subject]" Translated by Ayatollah Zadeh Shirazi, Morteza, Tehran, Sepehr Publications, 1995.
Guyard, M-F. "La littérature compare". 5e éd. Paris: PUF.  1969
Hemingway, Ernest. The Old Man and the Sea, translated by Mohammad Taghi Faramarzi , 15th edition, Tehran: Negah Publishing House, 2006.
Izanloo, Omid. “The reflection of the Palestine ring in the pomegranate “Bab al-Shams” according to Elias Khoury, based on the theory of “Baztab” by George Lukács. Faslnameh Islamic Studies, 2023, 11(4), 83-103.
Marwashih, Muhammad. "The dialectic of the relationship between inside and outside in a slave world Al-Rahman Munif, the novel “heina tarakna aljesr" is an example. Tishreen Research Journal Scientific Studies - Arts and Humanities Series. 2012, Volume (34). Issue (4).
Mirsadeghi, Jamal, Maimant Mirsadeghi. Dictionary of the Art of Story Writing: A Detailed Dictionary of Fiction Terms, Tehran: ketabe mahnaz, 2015.
Mirsadeghi, Jamal. Story Elements, Tehran: Shafa Publications, 1983.
Munif, Abdulrahman. "Al-kateb walmanfa", Beirut, Al-Mosseh al-Arabiya Laldrasat wa-alnashr. 1994.
Munif, Abdulrahman. "heina tarakna al-jesr", translated by Mohammad Hezbaizadeh, Tehran.  Entesharate poyande, 2012.
Munif, Abdurrahman, "Al-Katib wa Al-Manfa (Homum wa Afaq al-Rawiyah al-Arabia)", Beirut, Dar al-Fikr al-Jadeed, 1992.
Nabulsi, Shakir, The joys of freedom in the Arabic novel, Beirut, Al-Mosseh al-Arabi for studies and publishing, 1999.
Nazari monazam, Hadi. "Adabeyate Tatbighi: Taarif va zameinehaye pagohesh [Comparative Literature: Definition and Fields of Research]", Journal of Comparative Literature of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Vol 1, No 2, (2009): 221-237.
nikoei, mozhgan; Et al. "Conceptual application of the fish symbol in the mythology of the Masnavid Qur'an and its application in works of art", Journal of Islamic Art Studies, No. 36, (2018), 270-289.
 Pichois, C.; Rousseau, A.M.1967. La littérature comparée. Paris: A. Colin.
Roozbeh, Mohammad Reza and Mohammad Dehli Rad, Leila. Comparison and analysis of the common contents of Pomegranate and Derya according to the influence of Ernest Hemingway and the analysis of the influence of Sadiq Chopak. There are many examples of Persian language and literature in the year 1396. Pages 1-11
Sadat-al-Hosseini, Razia-Sadat and Faramar Mirzaei. "carkardhaye tosif dar romane heina tarakna aljesr [Functions of description in the novel Hayin Tarkna al-Jesr]", Arabic language and literature magazine,No 11, (2013): 1-26.
Sharifi, Mohammad. farhange adabiate farsi, editor: Mohammad Reza Jafari, Tehran: Publisher farhange nashre now, 2011.
Sherkat Moghadam, Seddiqe, Schools of Comparative Literature, Jiroft Comparative Literature Journal, No. 12, pp. 51-71. 1388.
Walaa, Saleh (2015) Structure and significance in the novel 'When We Left the Bridge' by Abdul Rahman Munif . Journal of Arts and Languages ​​- Apuleius 191 - 203
پژوهش ادبیات معاصر جهان
دوره 30، شماره 2
مهر 1404
صفحه 725-753

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار