From literature to linguistics: Introducing a “Cognitive Schema of Cohesion” using narrative

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Department of Foreign Languages, Language Center, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This study aims to introduce a noble cognitive schema of cohesion using some narratives in Azerbaijani Turkish, Persian, and English. The framework used in the current study is Dooley and Levinsohn’s (2001) model of functional-cognitive approach. The corpus of the study contains 15 stories. The results of the study show that narration can be imagined as a polygon. The polygon functions like a cognitive schema. According to the so-called cognitive schema, all sides of the polygon are fixed and can be used in any bedtime story. Of course, the narrator can increase or decrease the number of sentences of this kind but the point is that the more the narrator decreases or increases the sentences the less the coherence of the narration will be. This cognitive schema confirms why children’s bedtime stories are the easiest narratives while classic or detective narratives are among the most difficult ones to read and follow.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Ajdari Qizil Kechi, Masoomeh. Qarı Körpüsü [The Old Lady’s Bridge]. Tabriz: Danizchin, 1397.
---. Sulduz və Ulduz [Sulduz and Ulduz]. Tabriz: Danizchin, 1394. 
Behrangi, Samad. Mahi Siah Koochooloo [The Little Black Fish]. Tehran: CIDCA, 1347.  
---. Pesarake Laboo Foroosh [The Beet Seller Boy]. Tehran: CIDCA, 1346.  
Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Blackwood’s Magazine, 1899.
Dabir-Moghaddam, Mohammad. “Moarefi va Naghd-e Ketab-e Motale-i dar Sakht-e Goftmani-e Zaban-e Farsi” [“Introducing and Criticizing ‘A Study of Persian Discourse Structure’”]. Nāmah-ʼi Farhangistān, vol. 7 (1390): 223-293.
Delforooz, Behroo. Discourse Features in Balochi of Sistan (Oral Narratives). Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet, 2010.
Dooley, Robert. A. and Levinsohn, Stephen. H. Analyzing Discourse: A Manual of Basic Concepts. SIL International, 2001. 
Haj Seyyed Javadi. Fattaneh. Bamdad-e Khomar [Drunkard Morning]. 55th edition. Tehran: Nashre Alborz, 1393.
Halliday, Michael. Language as Social Semiotic: The Social Interpretation of Language and Meaning. London: Edward Arnold and Baltimore, University Park Press. 1978.
Halliday, Michael and Ruqaiya Hasan. Cohesion in English. London: Longman, 1976.
Khattat, NasrinDokht, and Issa Amnkhani. “Adabiyat va Falsafeye Vojoudi” [“Literature and Existential Philosophy”]. Research in Contemporary World Literature [Pazhuhesh-e Zabanha-ye Khareji], no.45(Summer 1387): 47-64.
Manzuri, Naser. Qara Çuxa [Luck]. 3rd edition. Tehran: Andishe No, 1390.
Moussavi Shirazi, Seyed Jamal. “Ta’sir-e-Sourealism bar Tafakkor-eMo’aser” [“The Influence of Surrealism on Contemporary Thought”]. Research in Contemporary World Literature [Pazhuhesh-e Zabanha-ye Khareji], no. 50(Winter 1387): 147-157.
Johnson-Laird, Philip Nicholas. Mental Models. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
Nourzaei, Maryam. Participant Reference in Three Balochi Dialects: Male and Female Narrations of Folktales and Biographical Tales. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet, 2017.
Propp, Vladimir. Etymology of the Folktale. Translated by Fereidoon Badrei. Tehran: Toos, 1371.
---. Morphology of Tale. Translated by M. Kashigar. Tehran: Nashre Rooz, 1386.
---. Morphology of the Folktale. Translated by Fereidoon Badrei. Tehran: Toos, 1368.
Roberts, John. R., et al. A Study of Persian Discourse Structure. Uppsala Universitet, 2009.
Scott, John. The Hat. Essex: Pearson Education Ltd, 2011.
Shipton, Paul. Good Day, Bad Day. Essex: Pearson Education Ltd, 2010. 
Smith, Bernard. The Slave Boy of Pompeii. Essex: Pearson Education Ltd, 2011.
Vuqar, Nemat. Göydən üç alma düşdü: Azərbaycan şifahi xalq nağılları və əfsanələri (Qaradağ bölgəsi) [Three Apples Descended: Azerbaijani Oral Folktales and Fictions (Qaradaq Region)]. Tabriz: Bahardokht, 1396.