-

Urdu literature has benefited a gret deal from different languages and literary specimens especially from Persian, Arabic, Hindi, Sanskrit and last but not least from English language and literature. Urdu has drawn inspiration from the above-mentioned sources and has in many cases, made certain modifications in borrowed words and has utilized them keeping in view its own grammar and syntax. It is obvious that poets and literary writers of Urdu having discovered meanings of foreign vocabularies, have at times made certain modifications in them so as to make them understood in a better way. In the present paper effort has been made to analyze the different ways and means through which such modifications have been
effected. These modifications have been categorized in five distinct parts and the fifth part which deals with borrowed English words has been further sub¬divided into two parts.