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The aim of this article is to study the meaning and what symbolizes the mask, the double and the other, in some literary works of the Mexican poet and writer Octavio Paz. The focus of this study will be mostly on his Nobel Prize winning work EI laberinto de la soledad, essay entitled: Vida y pensamiento de Mexico (Life and thought of Mexico). Octavio Paz finds the true identity of the Mexican people hidden in the mask, the double and the other by studying their behavior in the national and religious ceremonies such as the fiesta, the obscene scream and cult to the dead. It is in these ceremonies, where according to Paz, the Mexican reveals his true identity.