نظریه اسطوره گشتار و شیوه های ظهور آن در رمان فارسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیأت علمی دانشگاه بیرجند

2 دانشجوی دکترای زبان و ادبیات فارسی دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

امروزه به تأثیر از عصر نوگرایی، نویسندگان در رمان‌هایشان صرفاً به بازروایی اساطیر گذشته نمی‌پردازند، بلکه از آن‌ها الهام می‌گیرند، ساختارشان را دگرگون می‌کنند و با اساطیر دیگر درمی‌آمیزند. نویسندگان در ارتباط بینامتنی با اسطوره‌ها، هم به الگوی خدایان و قهرمانان نخستین دست می‌یابند و هم در برخورد با مضامین اسطوره‌ای، آن‌ها را به دلخواه تغییر می‌دهند و از اسطوره‌ای به اسطورة دیگر می‌پیوندند. نگارندگان در این مقاله بر آنند تا انواع تغییرات اسطوره و مبانی آن‌ را در رمان‌ فارسی نشان دهند. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، شالوده‌شکنی ساختار و معنی اسطوره، انگاره‌های وجودی و بحث فردیت و نیز مبارزه با گفتمان‌های غالب جامعه، از مهم‌ترین مبانی و زمینه‌های گشتارِ اسطوره‌ در رمان فارسی به شمار می‌رود. رمان‌‌نویسان ایرانی کوشیده‌اند تا با تلفیق اساطیر ملی و مذهبی، برهم زدن ساختار اساطیر و روایات اسطوره‌ای و نیز وارونگی آن‌ها، برخی از باورهای اجتماعی و فرهنگی جامعة معاصر را به چالش بکشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mytho-Tropy & Appearance of That in Persian Novel

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbare Shaian Seresht 1
  • Hamede Mehrdad 2
1 assistant
2 assistan
چکیده [English]

The story of the twentieth century is one of aggression, disasters and destruction. Nowadays, authors have been faked and retold the old myths but also have been inspired from them, deformed and mixed with other myths and even created new myths. Also these deformations have occurred in the works of some Iranian novelists. Iranian novelist changes myths and ancient narratives. Writers of this article have been studied reasons of myth usage and its transformation in Persian novels with the use of content analyzing method. In accordance with findings of this research, the most important reasons of changes in structure and usage of myths in new Persian novels are criticizing the metaphysical values, battle with dominant political discourse, individualism and struggle with the mythic thoughts in the society. Authors of these novels have been tried to challenge some political and cultural beliefs of Iran contemporary society by the method of myths deformation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • myth
  • literature
  • Persian Novel
  • Deconstruction
  • Individualism
  • Ideological Discourse

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پژوهش ادبیات معاصر جهان
دوره 22، شماره 2
دی 1396
صفحه 425-444

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