Research in Contemporary World Literature

Research in Contemporary World Literature

Narrative Grammar and the Ethics of Not Knowing: A Princean Reading of Ann Radcliffe’s The Italian

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
1 English department, Faculty of foreign languages and literatures, University of Tehran
2 University of Tehran, Iran
10.22059/jor.2026.416015.2867
Abstract
This article contends that Ann Radcliffe’s The Italian makes Gothic suspense an epistemological and moral experiment through its carefully regulated imbalance of narrative information, where deliberately produced gaps in knowledge are redressed only at the story’s conclusion. Building upon Gerald Prince’s concepts of story grammar, narrating, focalization, order and the narratee and the question of narrativity, it investigates how Radcliffe renders uncertainty significant for judgment instead of simply generative of sensation. Firstly, frames and veils promise access whilst emphasizing mediation. Second, variable focalization renders false inferences psychologically plausible without granting them evidentiary authority. By the same token, third, aristocratic and ecclesiastical institutions transform uncertain indicators of guilt, involuntary speech acts and confined documents into viciously circular confirmations through institutional procedures. Lastly, deferred disclosures preserve older information while restructuring their causal connections. Thus, Gothic suspense ultimately becomes a pedagogical critique: ignorance is a danger not in itself, but when characters and institutions try to pass supposition off as certainty.
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Early View, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 24 October 2026