University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
the dimenshon of theory of post decolonization the novel of (Zakerat Ak Jasad) by Ahlam Al Mstaganemi and (Hamsayeha) by Ahmad Mahmood
307
334
FA
Ali Akbar
Ahmadi
Assistant Professor, Arabic Language Department, Payam-e Noor University,
Tehran, Iran,
akbar463@yahoo.com
Sohayla
Darabi
Graduated of Arabic Language Department, Payam-e Noor University,
Tehran, Iran
research7531@gmail.com
10.22059/jor.2019.214370.1435
the Literature is a culture extract and crystallization of the collective attitude of a nation to a time when the image is written or oral but One aspect that has been overlooked in contemporary literature, according to contemporary fiction ties with the political process is time. Postcolonial involved in the effects of colonialism on the cultures and societies. In this study, the famous novel(Hamsayeha) "neighbor" by Ahmad Mahmoud and the novel (Zakerat Al Jasad) "Memories of bady" Ahlam Al Mstghanmy been studied from the perspective of postcolonial reading ... The findings and analysis of postcolonial its components (East-West confrontation, the poor, the other, consciousness) suggest that Ahlam Al Mosteghanemi and Ahmed Mahmoud in the novel Thakirati Jasid and neighbors using direct and indirect interpretations seeks to explore and critique effort in order to destroy the identity and independence of neo-colonialism, political, cultural, social and economic Orient nations, especially Islamic countries.
"Literature," "postcolonial," "novel Zakirati Al Jasid," "Hamsayeha," "Ahlam Mosteghanemi," "Ahmad Mahmoud"
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74849.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74849_eb41a844078e1b094553c6d1cef4643f.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Semantic and Aesthetic Analysis in Prose Poem: Based on Adonis and Ounsi el-Hajj’s Theories
335
356
FA
Farshid
Torkashvand
Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Imam Khomeini International University,
torkashvand@hum.ikiu.ac.ir
10.22059/jor.2017.211116.1413
Prose poem is a literary genre that become commonly practiced due to French literature and the Lebanese journal of Poetics. Despite pros and cons toward such genre, it is within the contemporary Arabic poetry and criticism. This article considers the quiddity, aesthetic, and reading of prose poetry significant in relation to meaning. The beauty of the prose poem can be sought in a different way and exploration of meaning. In this research, the fundamental question is based on the nature of this type of genre and how to understand its aesthetic aspects. To comprehension its meaning a complete dissociation of the traditional literary thinking is required. The formation of prose poem in Arabic is founded on semantics embarked by poets such as Adonis and Ounsi el-Hajj on fields of ontological and philosophical hermeneutics. It sets the ground for broad and continuous creation of semantics. <br /><br />Keywords: Prose poem, “Poetics”, Ounsi el-Hajj, Adonis, Semantics, Aesthetics, Hermeneutic.
Prose poem,“Poetics”,Ounsi el-Hajj,Adonis,semantics,Aesthetics,Hermeneutic
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74850.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74850_bfec56a55a519058ea4926219927bff1.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
A comparative analysis of Bram Stoker's Dracula and Zahaak's myth
357
384
FA
Mahmoud
Rezaei Dasht Arzhaneh
Associate Professor of Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran
mrezaei@shirazu.ac.ir
Elias
Ghaderi
0000-0003-4833-4045
M.A student of Ahvaz University,
Ahvaz, Iran
elyasghadery@yahoo.com
10.22059/jor.2017.217611.1460
A comparative analysis of Bram Stoker's Dracula and Zahaak's myth<br /><br /><br />In this query the authors after analyzing and comparing the horrific novel Dracula and the ancient myth Zahaak concluded that two works have many similarities in contrary to their heterogenous superstructure. The basic principles of Zahaak myth are manifested in the contemporary novel Dracula as in both works the antiheroes are ugly and demon, in both of them, the antiheroes return to the world after the death or release of the captivity and going to ruin the world and love the darkness, in both of them anima, wise master and shadow have activity action, in both of them the antiheroes convey devilish spirit to others and anima release from the shadow or in the other words, rain clouds is released from the drought dragon and in both of them, antiheroes are cannibal, sorcery and being metamorphosis.<br />Key words: Dracula, Zahak, Anima, Pure wisdom, Shadow, Returning again, Devilish spirit, metamorphism, Witchcraft, cannibalism
Dracula,Zahak,Anima,Pure wisdom,shadow,Returning again
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74851.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74851_c3cc8083817ee911bdc9f85e47d0b045.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
The Study of Shahriar’s “Hazyane Del” from the perspectives of Romanticism and Surrealism
385
410
FA
Mehdi
Ramazani
PhD Candidtate in Persian Language and Literature,
Allameh Tabataba’i University,
mehdiramazani2020@gmail.com
Saeed
Farzaneh
Assistant Professor of Islamic Azad University of Sarab,
Sarab, Iran
mehdi.ramazani85@gmail.com
10.22059/jor.2019.214044.1433
با وجود اختلافات میان ادبیات ملل مختلف جهان، روحی واحد بر آنها حاکم است چراکه در حوزههای گوناگون درهم تأثیر گذاشته و از هم متأثرند. از جمله موضوعاتی که از اروپا نشأتگرفته و به طور اخص بر ادبیات معاصر ایران سایه افکند، مکاتب ادبی است؛ تاجایی که شاعران و نویسندگان زیادی را تحت تأثیر خود قرار داد؛ در این میان شهریار، به عنوان بزرگترین شاعر کلاسیک معاصر، به خاطر آشنایی به زبان فرانسه و به تبع آن تتبع درآثار ادبی غرب به خصوص شاتو بریان و حشرونشر با اشخاصی مثل نیما، عشقی، میرزا جعفرخامنهای و صادق هدایت، به شدت از مکاتب مختلف ادبی اروپا متأثر شده و آثار ارزشمندی را – که تحت عنوان مکتب شهریار مشهور است- خلق کرد؛ از جمله این آثار که تفاوت فاحش با سبک ذاتی و شخصی شهریار دارد و ذهن خواننده را به طرف کشف این تفاوتها، سوق میدهد، منظومه هذیان دل است. نوشتۀ حاضر بر آن است که با بهرهگیری از شیوۀ استقرایی و بازخوانی دقیق این منظومه، به این پرسشها
شهریار,هذیان دل,مکتب ادبی,رمانتیسم,سوررئالیسم
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74852.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74852_afffcfa3f4194aefa266a0301d7fa95f.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Intertextual study of Mantiq-ot-Teir's seven valleys of love in "The man-trunk and his traveler" of Andrée Chédid
411
432
FA
ebrahim
salimi kouchi
French department, faculty of foreign languages, university of Isfahan
ebsalimi@gmail.com
Nikoo
Ghassemi
0000-0002-4661-5997
PhD candidate in French literature, Faculty of foreign languages and literatures, University of Tehran,
Tehran, Iran.
nikoughassemi@gmail.com
10.22059/jor.2017.233087.1522
The search of love and perfection is one of the main topics of cultural and artistic heritage of the world. The cosmopolitan aspect of this issue justifies its influence on the works of several writers. Mantiq-ot-Teir of Attar illustrates this subject in the form of “seven valleys of love”. Andrée Chédid, the french language writer, has also demonstrated this process in one of her short stories named “The man-trunk and his traveler”. She represents in this story the life of two characters who complete each other, and at last they become unified. In fact, we can distinguish implicitly the seven valleys of love in this story as the same order mentioned in Mantiq-ot-Teir. Therefore, a comparative study of these texts, by profiting from the theoretical bases of Riffaterre’s intertextuality, lets us finding the similarities between the viewpoints of Attar and Chédid concerning seven valleys of love and verifying the why and wherefore of resemblances and commun features of this subject.
: Attar,quest of perfection,Mantiq-ot-Teir,Andrée Chédid,“The man-trunk and his traveler”,Intertextuality,Riffaterre
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74853.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74853_d4dca52af2e96a3bbf156f47d16b6ec4.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Postmodern writing in Malakut, novel of Bahram Sadeghi, and Interregation written by J.-M.G. Le Clezio
433
454
FA
Maryam
Sheibanian
Department of French Language and Literature/Faculty of Literature and Human Science
sheibanian@um.ac.ir
Elham
Nikravesh
M.A./Department of French Language and Literature/Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
eldoradonik@gmail.com
10.22059/jor.2018.236111.1538
Bahram Sadeghi and Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio are both innovative contemporary writers. Considering that these two writers are pioneers of the postmodern period of fiction in their countries, and that during this time, they wrote their two famous novels, Malakut (1350) and Interrogation (1963), this question is to be seen : to what extent postmodern writing components are similar in their mentioned works? It is worth noting that the social and historical conditions for the writing of these two novels strengthen their similarity assumption: Interrogation was written after Algerian war and Malakut was created after the coup d’état of August twenty eight. Examining the affinities between these two novels could be also interesting because the postmodern concept is not the same in different cultures and societies. In this paper, based on the most common elements of postmodern writing in these two works, we study the theme of death thought, duality and contradiction, and finally, the enigmatic aspect of the narration.
Postmodern writing,Malakut,interrogation,death thought,duality,enigmatic writing
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74854.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74854_b7a60c384bed43748c99d979698c60d1.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Mother and The Sprawling City: a modern metaphor in Emile Verhaeren’s poetry
455
470
FA
Mandana
Sadrzadeh
Associate Professor, French Department, Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures, University of Terhran,
Iran, Tehran
monasadry@yahoo.com
10.22059/jor.2019.262937.1799
Abstract<br />Abstract<br />The present study aimed to provide a fresh reading of Emile Verhaeren’s Les Campagnes Hallucinées (1893) and Les Villes Tentaculaires (1895) in light of psychological criticism. The concept of city in his work in meaningfully linked to the metaphor of mother and manifests different and sometimes contradictory aspects: city as mother (an embodiment of strength), the manifestation of ferocity and terrible male mother as the herald of simultaneous life and death. It seems that retrieving the desire, the sole path to the reconnaissance of spiritually suffering human, constitutes a symbol , image and reflection of malevolent mother and a trigger for insatiable desires.But the question is whether the world question will eventually be freed from thee dominance of cities. In the recent poems, freedom from the dominance of Godmother is the expression of the unconscious desire, which does not stand much chance in the face of its stunning power.
Key terms: metaphor,mother,Femininity,Desire,Psychological criticism,Emile Verhaeren
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74855.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74855_31d9979ac592b5ecc27d321f09ca0be0.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
A formalistic approach to Matran and Sepehri’s poetry from the perspective of Deviation and Defamiliarization
471
494
FA
Ali
Sayadani
0000-0001-5773-6092
Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature,
Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University,
Tabriz, Iran
a.sayadani@azaruniv.ac.ir
Ali
Rasouli
M.A of Arabic Language and Literature, Allameh Tabataba'i University,
Tehran, Iran
rasooli@gmail.com
Ali
Khaleghi
PhD Student of Arabic Language and Literature,
Imam Khomeini International University,
Qazvin, Iran
khalegi@gmail.com
10.22059/jor.2019.206139.1381
Text-based approaches in the study of literary texts of the early twentieth century emerged under the influence of linguistics-based approaches in which The Russian linguists and the school formalism had the most contribution in the changes in literary criticism of twentieth-century. In the way that in the analysis of literary texts they believed that all the valuable things of a literary work are hidden in itself and factors such as historical containers, construction of a literary work or the purpose of it and the importance of the poet's life are the later priorities. Formalism is manifested in the literature of different nations, especially in Russian literature with the advent of great figures such as Jakobson,Shklovsky etc. and in Arab literature owes to the term oriented efforts of great figures such as Jahez and Ghodame ebne Jafar and Abdul Ghaher Jurjani. And its signs in contemporary Arab literature are visible in the works of great figures such as Amin Nakhla, SalahAbdul Saboor etc
formalism,Defamiliarization,Deviation,Matran,Sepehri
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74856.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74856_0f5771fd34140bffa7cfce345324d69b.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
The review of “ Maasum e Avval” – The First Immaculate-, a short story by Houshang Golshiri; based on structural narratology techniques of Gerard Genette
495
522
FA
Parvaneh
Adelzadeh
Associate professor of Persian language and literature, Tabriz branch,
Tabriz, Iran
adelzadehparvaneh@yahoo.com
Mahdi
Aaryaei
PhD student in Persian language and literature,
Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad university,
Tabriz-Iran
mahdi.daryaei@gmail.com
Kamran
Pashaei Fakhri
Associate professor of Persian language and literature, Tabriz branch,
Tabriz, Iran
pashaikamran@yahoo.com
10.22059/jor.2019.211949.1416
Concerning the time component in the review of the story indicated that the quality of the events narrated in the text is slightly different from the fictional level and the text except in three phenomena have no other time disparity and it is in chronological order. <br />This time disparity is toward immediate past and in some cases is toward distant past and scope of the disparity is also subject to the short period of time. Time allocated in the narrative text comparing to time spent for the events in the story is shorter and the text has a positive acceleration. The Frequencies are singular, repeated and echoed. The narrator enjoys the communicative, approval and ideological roles.. <br />Considering the voice component, the author applied the first person, implicit I, objective I, I champion and also second-person in the narration within the story and in telling the story he has used the omniscient dramatic narration.
time,mood,voice,Gerard Genette,The first Immaculate- Houshang Golshiri,Structural Narratology
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74857.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74857_a0d8da28915d6a20094b4ce3f8b3bf48.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Challenge of the isolationist hero in the face of modern life: Discourse and narrative analysis of Jalal Al-e Ahmed's The Cursing of the Land novel and Le Clézio's The Interrogation
523
542
FA
Farideh
Alavi
Département de français. Faculté des langues et littératures étrangères. Université de Téhéran. Téhéran. Iran
falavi@ut.ac.ir
Seyyed Ehsan
Hosseini
Département de français. Faculté des langues et littératures étrangères. Université de Téhéran. Téhéran. Iran
ehosseini6384@gmail.com
10.22059/jor.2020.295107.1930
The isolationist hero in the romantic work has a bright front. The Romantic hero explores the inside by exploring the world and contacting nature. This action is not necessarily in the face of modernity, but rather reflects the nostalgia of humanity far removed from its roots and nature. In the twentieth century, under the influence of writers like Proust and Joyce, the hero's isolation and introspection again came into being, which was quite different from romantic isolation. Here, the quest for identity in the modern world becomes a major challenge for the hero and writer. In this article, we seek to elucidate the style of isolation of the hero with the modern world and to show how isolation has enabled a resistance to the modern world and its imposed values, by examining the narrative and enunciative analysis of the two novels, Cursing of the Land by Al-e Ahmad and the Interrogation by Le Clézio.
isolation,modern life,Resistance,Rupture,fusion,Al-e Ahmad,Le Clézio
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74858.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74858_f0892fedf16972079eb682d99dc06fa5.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Study and Comparing translation of Khayyam's Rubaiyat by Fitzgerald with Peter Avery and John Heath's Translation
543
564
FA
Mahmoud
Kamali
Asistant professor in Persian language and literature of payame noor university,
Tehran, Iran
kamali.mahmoud@gmail.com
Jamal
Mortazavi
Department of Persian language and literature Faculty of literature and humanities Shahrekord university,
Shahrekord, Iran
baharahang@yahoo.com
Azam
Pooyandeh Poor
Teacher in Persian language and literature of payame noor university,
Shahrekord, Iran
a_pooyandeh@yahoo.com
10.22059/jor.2019.140648.1331
Literary translation and especially Poetry translation is very difficult and many people are of the opinion that it is impossible. Moreover, Persian Poetry has a special figures of speech, rhythm and prosody and is more difficult to translate. Rubaiyat of Khayyam is one of the literary masterpieces that is full of spirit of Iranian Culture and cannot be translated easily. Nevertheless, many translators from different language have tried to translate these poems to their language. For example, English translation of Rubaiyat of Khayyam by Edward Fitzgerald and Peter Avery and John Heath.Translation method of Edward Fitzgerald is free and Avery and Heath’ method is literal and has be done about hundred years after Fitzgerakd’s translation. In this research, we study and compare Fitzgerald's translation with Avery's one to show the strong and weak points of each translation and understand which translation has been more successful in transforming poetic conception of Khayyam's thought and who understand better the conception of Rubaiyat.
Rubaiyat Khayyam,literary translation,Fitzgerald,Peter Avery,John Heath
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74859.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74859_8f3a5fb08d08f25a345091dbd63265d0.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
The octavio paz ’s sunstone and its effect on Shamloo ’s mind and speech
654
582
FA
Maryam
Mahmoodi
Associate professor of Persian Language and Literature, Dehaghan Branch,
Islamic Azad University,
Dehaghan, Iran
m.mahmoodi75@yahoo.com
Ahmad
Khademi
PH.D student of Persian Language and Literature, Dehaghan Branch,
Islamic Azad University,
Dehaghan, Iran
a.khademi68@yahoo.com
10.22059/jor.2017.223395.1479
The Octavio Paz ’s sunstone is one of the letters that has borrowed to Shamloo and helped him to obtain a new and dependent speech .this debt sometimes is full of passivity so that more than using and reflecting the words, concepts and images like a mirror conduce to equality in syntactic structure and sometimes this similarity is so deep that conduce to create great news and causes to escape from written regulations of speech system the deep presence of principles of Octavio’ s thinking school in some poems of Shamloo avoid far readers from gaining and realizing his secondary system of mind and his speech he under the effect of Paz instead of creating a surrealistic situation create a deep surrealistic concept in his poems and sometimes under the effect or in impressible of Octavio present spiritual and ideological syntactic combinations which are based on content and spatial logic or think <br />Shamloo exactly like Paz has specific attention to time and escaping from it and both o
Impressibility,speech system,Surrealism,foregrounding,sunstone
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74860.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74860_198cc95cd5a576ef02eae1ceba66fa1e.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Archetypal heroic journey in Bahram Sadeghi,s Malakut
583
610
FA
Soolmaz
Mozaffari
Ph.D of Persian Language and Literature, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Farhangian University,
Shiraz, Iran
s_mozafari8673@yahoo.com
10.22059/jor.2019.128635.1243
Archetypal heroic journey in Bahram Sadeghi,s Malakut<br />Abstract<br />Archetypal criticism is one of the modern literal theories based on psychological theories based on Jung ideas. While studying and examining the archetypes of a work, it is revealed, in this type of criticisms how they are understood by the author. Based on these studies, heroic journey is possible in order to achieve the perfection and individuality dream. The present article aims to review Malakut by Bahram Sadeghi from the perspective of archetypal criticism relying on the fundamentals of Carol.S.Pearson and Huo.k.Marr are based on 12 archetypes of awakening heroes. The author tries to introduce these archetypes briefly and also show the fictional characters manifesting these archetypes, following individuation and taking heroic journey. The findings show that Malakut is full of archetypes and due to its psychological approach, it can be analyzed based on archetypal theories. <br />Keywords: Archetypal criticism, heroic journey , Archetypes, Malakut, Bahram Sadeghi
Archetypal criticism,Heroic Journey,archetypes,Malakut,Bahram Sadeghi
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74861.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74861_f218e6780fa3a4950872f48c04346cf6.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
The comparative study of universe, god and death in two work Masnavi –e- manavi of Molana Jalal –e- din Balkhi and Contemplations of Victor Hugo
611
638
FA
leila
mirmojarabian
Associate professor of Language and Persian Literature department,
University of Isfahan,
Isfahan, Iran
mmleila2010@gmail.com
Safoura
tork ladani
Associate professor french and russian department, University of Isfahan,
Isfahan, Iran
s.torkladani@fgn.ui.ac.ir
10.22059/jor.2017.202610.1363
نوشتار حاضر پژوهشی است تحلیلی _ تطبیقی دربارۀ اندیشهها و اعتقادات «مولانا جلالالدین محمد بلخی» بزرگ مرد شعر و ادب و عرفان اسلامی ایران زمین و «ویکتور هوگو» نمایندۀ شعر و شاعری رمانتیک قرن 19 میلادی در فرانسه. نگارنده در این تحقیق می-کوشد تا با تطبیق آراء و اندیشههای «مولانا» و «ویکتور هوگو» دربارۀ «خدا»، «جهان» و «مرگ» به نقاط تشابه و تفارق این دو جهانبینی بپردازد و به این نکته دست یابد که تغییر منطقۀ جغرافیایی و اجتماعی و نیز برهۀ تاریخی در آثار مطرح ادبیات جهان در حوزۀ ادبیات تطبیقی، سبب اختلال در حقیقت مانندی که این آثار در پی القای آن به مخاطب هستند، نمیشود. برای نیل به این مقصود از روش هم زمانی یا موضوع محور و از میان انواع آن از روش مضمون شناسانه استفاده گردیده است. <br />بدین منظور کتاب «مجموعه اشعار تأملات ویکتور هوگو» که به گونهای میتوان گفت معرف مکتب رمانتیسم به شمار میآید برای تحلیل و بررسی اندیشههای «هوگو» مبنا قرار میگیرد تا با آراء «مولانا» در «مثنوی معنوی» و «غزلیات
کلیدواژهها : مولانا,ویکتور هوگو,تأملات هوگو,خدا,جهان,مرگ
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74862.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74862_4e11982153a67d16fd87a80b48d68733.pdf
University of Tehran
Research in Contemporary World Literature
2588-4131
2588-7092
24
2
2020
01
21
Chorology of Sadegh Hedayats effects on the based
History of changes of human
639
656
FA
siamak
naderi
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Shiraz, Iran
siamakn@yahoo.com
kavoos
hassanli
Prof. of Persian Language and Literature, Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran
kavooshassanli@gmail.com
10.22059/jor.2019.229182.1506
To be reflected The Attachment of sadegh hedayat to delay in the mankind’s history and culture in the many of his effects and maxims.<br /><br />Hedayat has tendency to division of chronological and periods of history in the his effects, minimum to the two reasons.<br />The first to reason his Attachment to the history and second, to mind terms of chronological which in that to be current history Romans<br />Don’t in this article, history indications in an effect, rather become to recover for the first time, indications of one extended way of periods of mankind’s history in the sixteen sadegh hedayat’s effects.<br />in the base, Afsane – ye – afarinesh, pedaran – e – adam, namak _ e – torki, tarikkhaneh, boof – e – koor, afarinegan, atash parast, takht – e – abounasr, parvin dokhtar – e – sasan, akharin labkhand, maziar, sayh moghol, topmorvari, haji agha, farad, singelele, to organize this periods.
Archaism,story,Sadegh Hedayat,Story literature,Ethnography
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74863.html
https://jor.ut.ac.ir/article_74863_c368994427ee508c7c0db8f2cfe0adfc.pdf